Legal, privacy and licences

Who runs this site, what it records about you, whose trade marks it uses, and what you may do with what is published here. Nothing on this page is small print: if it were not worth reading it would not be here.

Who runs this site

Information under §5 DDG (Digitale-Dienste-Gesetz), the German provider-identification rule that applies to this site because it is operated from Germany.

Operator: 0C9C Hex UG (haftungsbeschränkt)
Represented by: Dennis Reinkober, Geschäftsführer
Address: Künkelstr. 11, 41063 Mönchengladbach, Germany
Register: Amtsgericht Mönchengladbach, HRB 23220
VAT identification number: DE353110187
E-mail: dennis@olio.solutions
Telephone: +49 (0)172 7593488
Responsible for the content: Dennis Reinkober, Künkelstr. 11, 41063 Mönchengladbach, Germany

Trade marks and affiliation

certotter is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or accredited by AXELOS, PeopleCert or the Linux Professional Institute. Every question here is written from scratch against the published exam objectives.

LPIC® and LPI® are registered trade marks of Linux Professional Institute Inc.

The marks are used here descriptively, to say which exams this practice material is written for. That is all the use they get and all the use they are claimed for.

What this site records about you

Information under Article 13 of the General Data Protection Regulation. The short version is that your answers stay on your device and your visit is counted; the rest of this section is the detail behind those two sentences.

Your practice data never leaves your browser

Every answer, score, streak and mock-exam result is written to IndexedDB inside your own browser. There is no account, no login and no server to send it to — this site has no database of its own. Clearing your browser storage deletes it permanently, which is why the backup and restore screen exists; a backup file is written to your device and is never uploaded anywhere.

Page views are counted, by software we run ourselves

Visits are measured with Umami, a self-hosted analytics program running on our own server at umami.olio.solutions. Nothing is shared with an advertising network and no third-party analytics service is used.

For each page view it records the page address, the referring page if there was one, and — derived from your browser's own headers — the browser, the operating system, the screen size and the language setting.

Your IP address is not stored. It is used once, together with your browser's headers, to compute a pseudonymous session identifier, and is discarded in the same step. That identifier is what lets several page views in one visit be counted as one visit rather than several — so it is fair to say the session is recognised, and wrong to say nothing is. It does not travel between devices, it is not linked to a name, and there is nothing here to link it to: this site has no account and no user record.

Umami sets no cookies and stores nothing on your device and reads nothing from it. That is also why it loads without a consent banner: §25(1) TDDDG governs storing and reading on your equipment, and neither happens here.

Purpose: Knowing which pages are read, so that effort goes where it is useful
Legal basis: Article 6(1)(f) GDPR — legitimate interest in an audience measurement that is not personalised and sets no cookies
Recipients: None. The analytics server is operated by the same operator as this site
Hosting: Hetzner Online GmbH, Industriestr. 25, 91710 Gunzenhausen, Germany. This site and the analytics server both run there
Retention: Page views are kept with their session identifier until they are deleted. No automatic deletion period is configured, and saying otherwise would describe a setting that does not exist
Transfers: None outside the EU or the EEA

Web-server log files record the same things any web server records — address, timestamp, requested URL, status code, bytes sent, referrer and user agent — on the basis of Article 6(1)(f) GDPR, for delivering the site and defending it against attack. Rotated logs are deleted after 30 days.

You have the rights to access, rectification, erasure, restriction and data portability under Articles 15 to 20 GDPR, the right to object to processing based on legitimate interest under Article 21, and the right to complain to a supervisory authority under Article 77. Because nothing held here identifies you, a request will usually be answered by saying so. Write to dennis@olio.solutions; it costs nothing and needs no particular form. The competent supervisory authority is the Landesbeauftragte für Datenschutz und Informationsfreiheit Nordrhein-Westfalen, Kavalleriestr. 2-4, 40213 Düsseldorf.

You can stop the measurement entirely by blocking umami.olio.solutions in your browser or an extension. Nothing on this site depends on it, and the practice trainer works with it blocked.

The questions

The question bank is original work, written against the published exam objectives, which are public documents. No real exam question is reproduced, paraphrased or reconstructed. It is published under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 licence — you may copy, adapt and republish it, including commercially, provided you credit certotter and license what you build under the same terms.

Read the licence. The full terms, and the reasons for choosing ShareAlike for the questions and a permissive licence for the code, are in CONTENT-LICENSE.md in the repository.

Practice questions are practice questions. Nothing here is exam advice, no result here predicts a result there, and passing a mock exam on this site is not a statement about the real paper.

The code

The application itself is published under the MIT licence. It runs entirely in your browser and makes no network request other than loading its own files and the analytics script described above.

The otter mark

Otter mark adapted from Font Awesome Free 6 by Fonticons, Inc. The original is the “otter” icon in that set, used under CC BY 4.0. Changes: cropped by the tile edge, reversed to the background colour, and composed with a waterline. The tile, the waterline, the colour and the layout are original to certotter.

Links out

A few pages link to the awarding bodies and to licence texts. Those sites are not ours and we are not responsible for what they say; the links are there because a claim you cannot check is not worth much.